Author: Alex Black
11.1 Antibody production and vaccination
Challenge and response.
Active immunity
Antibody production
2. Activation of B cells
3. Production of plasma cells
4. Production of memory cells
Production of monoclonal antibodies
Histamines are released by white blood cells in response to pathogens.
Vaccination
Exercises
11.2 Movement
Animal movement
How muscles contract
Sarcomeres
Sliding filament model.
11.3 The kidney and osmoregulation
Excretion
Osmosregulation in insects
The kidney
Glomerulus
Osmoregulation in bony fishes (Super class: Osteichthyes)
Consequences of dehydration and overhydration.
11.4 Sexual reproduction
The testis
Seminiferous tubule
Spermatogenesis
Changes occuring in an ovary
Oogenesis
Comparing Spermatogenesis and oogenesis
Semen production
Fertilization
Acrosome reaction
Pregnancy
The birth process
HL Topic 11 Animal Physiology Copyright © by Alex Black. All Rights Reserved.
